Healthy Mom

Find out if you have Pelvic Girdle Pain (Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction)

This test reports on an expectant mother's risk for Pelvic Girdle Pain (also known as Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction). It's quick, free, and you’ll get your confidential results instantly.

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Obstetric Cholestasis Test

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Symptoms & Causes

Pelvic Girdle Pain, also known as Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD), is a condition characterized by discomfort and pain in the pelvic region. It commonly affects pregnant women due to the physiological changes and stresses on the pelvic joints during pregnancy.

Symptoms

The symptoms of SPD can vary in intensity and may include:

  • Pain in the Pelvic Area: Pain may be felt in the front or back of the pelvis, and it can also radiate to the hips, lower back, and thighs.
  • Difficulty Walking: A waddling gait or difficulty walking due to pain and instability in the pelvic region.
  • Pain When Weight-Bearing: Increased pain when standing on one leg, climbing stairs, or getting in and out of a car.
  • Limited Mobility: Difficulty with movements such as spreading the legs, rolling over in bed, or getting up from a sitting position.
  • Clicking or Grinding Sensation: A feeling or sound of clicking or grinding in the pelvic area during movement.
  • Pain During Activities: Pain that worsens with physical activities such as walking, lifting, or carrying objects.

Causes

SPD is typically caused by a combination of factors related to pregnancy and the body's adaptation to it. These causes include:

  • Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy hormones, particularly relaxin, cause the ligaments in the pelvis to loosen in preparation for childbirth, leading to increased joint mobility and instability.
  • Postural Changes: The growing uterus and changes in posture can place additional stress on the pelvic joints and muscles.
  • Pelvic Joint Misalignment: Misalignment or asymmetry in the pelvic joints can contribute to uneven stress and pain in the pelvic region.
  • Previous Pelvic Trauma or Injury: A history of pelvic injury or trauma can increase the risk of developing PGP or SPD during pregnancy.
  • Weak or Tight Muscles: Weakness or tightness in the pelvic floor muscles, abdominal muscles, or lower back muscles can affect pelvic stability and contribute to pain.
  • Repetitive Strain: Activities that involve repetitive movements or strain on the pelvis, such as lifting heavy objects or prolonged standing, can exacerbate symptoms.

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction is a condition that can cause significant discomfort and affect daily activities during pregnancy. Understanding the symptoms and causes can help in seeking appropriate treatment and managing the condition effectively.

Diagnosis & Treatment

Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing symptoms and maintaining mobility during pregnancy.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of SPD typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and patient history:

  • Medical History: The healthcare provider will review the patient’s medical history, including any previous pelvic injuries or conditions, and discuss the onset, duration, and intensity of symptoms.
  • Physical Examination: A physical examination will be conducted to assess pain, tenderness, and mobility in the pelvic region. The provider may perform specific movements to identify the location and severity of pain.
  • Symptom Assessment: The patient will be asked about activities that exacerbate or relieve symptoms, and any associated symptoms such as clicking or grinding sensations in the pelvis.
  • Imaging Tests: In some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI may be used to rule out other conditions and assess the alignment and condition of the pelvic joints.

Treatment

Treatment for SPD focuses on relieving pain, improving mobility, and maintaining pelvic stability. The following approaches are commonly used:

Physical Therapy:

  • Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles around the pelvis, improve posture, and enhance pelvic stability. Exercises may include pelvic floor exercises, gentle stretches, and core strengthening.

Pain Management:

  • Heat or Cold Therapy: Applying heat or cold packs to the affected area can help reduce pain and inflammation.
  • Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen may be recommended to manage pain. It is important to consult a healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy.

Supportive Devices:

  • Pelvic Support Belts: Wearing a pelvic support belt can help stabilize the pelvis and reduce pain during activities.
  • Maternity Support Garments: Specialized garments can provide additional support to the pelvic region and lower back.

Activity Modification:

  • Avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms, such as heavy lifting, prolonged standing, or walking, can help manage pain.
  • Practicing good posture and body mechanics during daily activities can reduce stress on the pelvic joints.

Alternative Therapies:

  • Acupuncture, chiropractic care, and massage therapy may provide relief for some women. It is important to seek practitioners experienced in treating pregnant women.

Rest and Self-Care:

  • Ensuring adequate rest and avoiding overexertion are crucial for managing PGP or SPD.
  • Using pillows for support while sleeping can improve comfort and reduce strain on the pelvis.

The diagnosis and treatment of Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction involves a comprehensive approach that includes clinical evaluation, physical therapy, pain management, and lifestyle modifications. Early intervention and appropriate care can help manage symptoms and maintain mobility during pregnancy.

When to Seek Treatment

Knowing when to seek medical treatment is crucial for managing symptoms effectively and ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Seek medical advice if you are experiencing any of the following:

  • Persistent or Severe Pain: If the pain is severe, persistent, or worsening, it is important to seek medical advice. Severe pain can interfere with daily activities and mobility.
  • Difficulty Walking or Moving: If a pregnant woman has significant difficulty walking, standing, or moving due to pelvic pain, she should seek treatment. Difficulty performing everyday tasks is a sign that medical intervention may be necessary.
  • Clicking or Grinding Sensation: A noticeable clicking or grinding sensation in the pelvic area during movement is a sign of instability and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
  • Limited Mobility: If the pain restricts the ability to spread the legs, roll over in bed, or get up from a sitting position, it is advisable to seek medical attention.
  • Pain When Weight-Bearing: Increased pain when bearing weight on one leg, climbing stairs, or getting in and out of a car is a sign that the condition needs to be assessed and managed.
  • Impact on Quality of Life: If the pain and discomfort significantly impact the quality of life, emotional well-being, or ability to care for oneself and others, seeking treatment is essential.

Importance of Timely Treatment

Seeking timely treatment for Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction is important for several reasons:

  • Preventing Complications: Early intervention can help prevent the pain from becoming more severe and reduce the risk of long-term complications.
  • Improving Mobility: Appropriate treatment can improve mobility and function, making it easier to perform daily activities and maintain an active lifestyle during pregnancy.
  • Reducing Pain: Effective management strategies can significantly reduce pain and discomfort, enhancing overall comfort and well-being.
  • Supporting Mental Health: Addressing the physical symptoms of PGP or SPD can also support mental and emotional health by reducing stress and anxiety related to pain and mobility issues.
  • Ensuring Safe Pregnancy: Proper management of PGP or SPD can contribute to a healthier pregnancy and prepare the body for childbirth.

Pregnant women experiencing persistent or severe pelvic pain, difficulty with mobility, or any other concerning symptoms should seek medical advice promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to managing Pelvic Girdle Pain or Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction effectively and ensuring a healthy, comfortable pregnancy.